考研復試英語短文翻譯-醫學類
1.中醫
Philosophy relates to the knowledge of world outlook and methodology. The reason why Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic) applies the essence qi, yin and yang, the five elements, and even the philosophical concept of “spirit” expressed by these basic core knowledges, to construct its own knowledge system of life science is that, on the one hand, the system, is originated from its relevant knowledge about revealing the nature of human life and serving human health, which can’t be separated from these philosophical concepts. On the other hand, the reason is that this philosophical knowledge is originally the indispensable standpoints and cultural matrix in Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic), to explain the nature of life and to solve the health-related problems. Therefore, philosophical concepts such as essence qi, yin and yang, five elements, and immortal doctrine, are not only the standpoints and methods to explore the nature of human life and to solve the health-related problem, but also closely integrated with the knowledge of life science they construct inevitably. which makes them possess the characteristics and nature of “philosophy-medicine integration”. Nowadays, if people want to thoroughly study the ideology and apply them to solve the related problems in clinical practice, they must regard these concepts as the necessary paths. Inner Canon of Huangdi (Neijing for short) is the basement of TCM theory. This article summarized contemporary studies of Neijing academic thought system and attempting to know the future of TCM theory. Those studies indicated that the research on Neijing thought is gradually breaking away from traditional methods which only classified and edited the content of Neijing after 1950s, and using the language of modern disciplines to build the theory system of Neiing，which breaking away from the language of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements or Qi transformation. This tendency of language changing enlightened us that TCM theory whose language is based on ancient language should be incorporated into the language framework of modern subjects so that we could use it better today.
哲學是有關世界觀和方法論的學問，《黃帝內經》之所以要運用精氣、陰陽、五行，乃至以此為基本知識內核所表達的“神”這樣的哲學理念來建構自己的生命科學知識體系，一方面是緣于其有關揭示人類生命本質，服務健康的相關知識與這些哲學理念相伴共生之故；另一方面的原因則是這些哲學知識，原本就是《黃帝內經》闡述生命本質，解決與健康相關問題所必須具備的立場和文化基質。所以，精氣、陰陽、五行、神論等哲學觀念，不但是其探尋人類生命本質，解決與健康有關問題的立場和方法，而且也就必然與其構建的生命科學知識緊密地融為一體，就使其具備了“哲醫相融”的特質和本性。今人想要透徹地研讀其中的意理，并將其應用于解決臨床實踐中的相關問題，務必要以此為必須的門徑。黃帝內經(簡稱內經)是中醫理論的基礎。本文總結了當代對內經學術思想體系的研究，試圖了解中醫理論的未來。這些研究表明，對內經思想的研究正在逐步脫離傳統方法，這種方法僅對 20 世紀 50年代以后內經的內容進行了分類和編輯，并利用現代學科的語言建立了內經的理論體系，脫離了語境。陰陽五行或氣化。這種語言變化的趨勢使我們認識到，語言基于古代語言的中醫理論應該被納入現代學科的語言框架中，以便我們今天能夠更好地運用它。
2.西醫
BACKGROUND:
Surgical site infection is one of the common postoperative complications of thoracic surgery, and its harm is related to infection degree and location. Light causes local pain, prolonged hospitalization and increased cost. Severe infection can lead to severe infection, even septic shock and life-threatening. Therefore, proper treatment of incision infection can help to promote recovery, reduce the burden of disease and lay a good foundation for further treatment. The traditional surgical treatment of wound infection includes thorough drainage, intensive dressing change and antibiotic use. There are many shortcomings such as long treatment process, ineffective treatment effect and so on. The experience of using vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in 6 cases of postoperative infection patients in our department is summarized in order to improve the traditional treatment of postoperative infection in patients after thoracic surgery.
METHODS:
The clinical data of patients with postoperative incision infection or fistula after thoracic surgery in our department were reviewed and summarized. 6 patients treated with VSD material for postoperative infection. The process and final clinical results of them were summarized and discussed.
RESULTS:
In this study, fever and wound exudation disappeared within 6h-10h after VSD use, 5 cases of wound infection were obviously improved, the secretion disappeared and the granulation tissue grew well at the cutting edge of the operation, the second stage operation was performed to close the chest and skin. One patient was seriously infected, and the secretion was still more after VSD removal, reposition VSD device next time, the VSD device was removed 7d later. The wound infection were obviously improved, the secretion disappeared and the granulation tissue grew well, close the chest and skin second stage. In all 6 patients, the symptoms were relieved, the symptoms improved and the surgical incision healed well. In 2 patients with esophageal cancer, the average operation time was 427.5 min, the average hospitalization time was 40d, the average number of times of dressing change was 8.5, the average total cost during hospitalization was 111,893.47-yuan patients with chronic empyema, the average operation time was 192.5 min. The average hospital stay was 27.75 days, the average number of times of dressing change was 5.5, and the average total expenditure during hospitalization was 48,237.71 yuan.
背景:
手術切口感染是胸外科術后常見并發癥之一，其危害與感染程度、部位等相關，輕者致局部疼痛、住院時間延長、費用增加，重者可導致嚴重感染，甚至感染性休克、危及生命。因此，妥善處理切口感染，有利于促進恢復、降低疾病負擔、奠定進一步治療良好基礎。切口感染傳統外科處理措施包括徹底引流、加強換藥、使用抗生素等，存在治療過程長、治療效果不確切等不足。本研究對我科 6 例胸部手術術后發生感染患者嘗試性使用負壓封閉引流裝置(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)的經驗進行總結，以期改進傳統應對患者胸部手術術后感染的處理模式。
方法:
對我院近一年來出現胸部手術術后切口感染或手術切口瘺的患者相關臨床數據進行回顧和總結，選擇了其中 6 例使用 VSD 材料治療術后感染的患者，對其使用 VSD 處理的過程和最終臨床結果進行總結討論。
結果:
本研究中所有患者在使用 VSD 后 6 h-10h 內發熱、傷口滲出癥狀消失。7 天-10 天后拔除引流裝置，5 例患者創面感染情況明顯改善，傷口分泌物消失，手術切緣肉芽組織生長良好，二期手術關閉胸腔和皮膚。1 例患者感染嚴重，去除 VSD 后分泌物仍較多，效果不明顯，再次放置 VSD 裝置，7 天后去除 VSD 裝置，患者手術切口無滲出，肉芽組織生長良好，二期手術關閉胸腔和皮膚。所有 6 例患最終感染癥狀緩解，癥狀改善，手術切口愈合良好出院。2 例食管癌患者中，平均手術時間 427. 5 min,術后平均住院天數 40 天，術后平均換藥次數 8.5 次，住院期間平均總花費 11, 893. 47 元;；4 例慢性膿胸患者中，平均手術時間 192. 5min，術后平均住院天數 27. 75 天，術后平均換藥次數 5.5 次，住院期間平均總花費 48, 237. 71 元。
